roll pronunciation的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列各種有用的問答集和懶人包

The Speaking Seed

為了解決roll pronunciation的問題，作者唐華瑄 這樣論述：

你現在所看到的是第一本探討使用外語進行公開演講的書。 　　作者唐華瑄 Diana Watson 是專業演説家 ，《演說種子》《The Speaking Seed》一書揭露多年以來她用中文演講，指導外語演講者，進而發展出《演說種子》課程的過程中所發現的秘訣。在此之前，只有她的客戶有幸能學得這些演講訣竅，現在您也得以一窺究竟。 　　多年來旅居世界各地，唐華瑄精通四種語言，並贏得多次演講比賽的獎項。多語及豐富的演講經歷，讓她體悟到 ── 結合公開演講和外語學習，為溝通開啟了無限可能，甚至可以影響世界。三年來，她運用這套課程進行演說，讓自己在公開演講的領域更上層樓；在台灣的一次演講比賽中，外籍人士

的她更以優異風趣的中文演說，打敗所有的中文母語参賽者，成為第一個獲得冠軍的外國人。 　　《演說種子》分成六個階段，在每一章的最後都有一些問題幫助你複習與整理，並附有演說種子學習單，可以影印及分享。 　　《演說種子》各個階段可以幫助你 ── 　　1.   瞭解《演說種子》的概念。 　　2.  克服使用外語發表公開演説的挑戰。 　　3.  寫出第一篇「演説種子」的演講稿。 　　4.  練習演説，使用手勢和道具，並且克服緊張。 　　5.  逐步提升語言能力，從會説簡單的句型到發表完整的演說。 　　6.  善用工具和技巧，深化演説經驗。   作者簡介 唐華瑄 　　唐華瑄Diana Wats

on 是語言愛好者，美語教師，演說教練及國際知名的演說家。她運用《演說種子》的技巧指導外語演說者。《演說種子：使用外語公開演講的成功密訣》， 是第一本探討外語公開演講相關技巧的專書。不論語言程度如何，所有的人都可以經由本書的幫助，自信地使用外語溝通。 　　唐華瑄在書中分享自己身為教師，演說家，及演說教練的故事和經驗。她發現舊有的外語學習方法需要重新省視，全球化的現代社會迫切需要演說種子，加深互相理解，增進人際關係，促進世界和平。   Introduction My Speaking Seed Journey 我的演說種子之旅 How to Read This Book 如

何閱讀此書 Stage 1 ― Ready to Get Dirty? 準備好下田耕耘了嗎？ Chapter 1 What Is a Speaking Seed? 何謂演說種子? Chapter 2 Learning a Foreign Language 學習一種外語 Respecting the Language 尊重該語言 Chapter 3 Showing Up 站出來 A Note about Determination 關於決心 A Word about Fluency 關於流暢度 Stage 2 ― Seeding 播種階段 Chapter 4 Ego 自我 Chapter 5

Your Seed is Worth Sharing 你的種子值得分享 Chapter 6 Focus 專注 Meditation 冥想 Chapter 7 Fear 懼怕 Chapter 8 Mirrors & Self Love 鏡像 & 愛自己 Stage 3 ― Planting 種植階段 Chapter 9 Baby Speaking Seed Steps 演說種子循序漸進 Starting Out 開始起步 Chapter 10 Get Your Seeds in a Row 排列你的種子不間斷 Chapter 11 Writing Speaking Seed Speeches

撰寫演說種子的講稿 Introductions 開場 Body Paragraphs 本文段落 Conclusions 結論 Chapter 12 Stories vs. Experiences 故事 vs. 經驗 Chapter 13 Creating & Revising Speeches 創作並繼續修改講稿 Stage 4 ― Sprouting 萌芽階段 Chapter 14 Oral Production & Speaking 口頭呈現及演講 Chapter 15 Practice, Practice, Practice, Nerves, Nerves, Nerves 練習、練習

、練習、緊張、緊張、緊張 To Memorize or Not to Memorize? 要背稿? 或不要背稿? Seed Time 舞台練習時間 Chapter 16 Crutches & Supports 協助和支援 Chapter 17 Gestures 手勢 Chapter 18 Watering Your Plants 灌溉你的植物 Chapter 19 Dressing Well 適當的服裝 Stage 5 ― Growth 成長階段 Chapter 20 Short Responses 即席短講 Chapter 21 The Funny Farmer 幽默的農夫 Chapter

22 Making Telephone Calls 打電話 Chapter 23 Reading Poetry 閱讀詩章 Chapter 24 Learning with Dialogues 從對話中學習 Chapter 25 Monodramas 獨角戲 Chapter 26 Advanced Speaking Seed Speeches 演說種子的進階演講 Chapter 27 Poisonous PowerPoints 有破壞性的投影片 Stage 6 ― Speaking Seed Tools 演說種子輔助工具 Chapter 28 Vocal & Physical Exercis

es 聲調和肢體訓練 Chapter 29 New Technology 新科技 Smartphones & Apps 手機& APP Video Sharing & Streaming Platforms 影像分享& 網路平台 Virtual & Augmented Reality Technologies 虛擬& 擴增實境科技 Video Chat & Webinar Platforms 影像聊天& 網路研討平台 Chapter 30 Goals & Rewards 目標& 獎賞 Give Yourself an Early Reward 提前給自己獎賞 Chapter 31 Slow &

Steady Growth Wins the Race 緩慢安穩的成長必贏得勝利 Conclusion References Acknowledgments Index   推薦序 　　Diana Watson唐華瑄來台13年，去年參加一場國語演講比賽，過程中生動活潑手勢和幽默輕鬆口吻，將台灣生活點滴和台下聽眾親切互動，流利的中文贏得滿堂喝采拿下幽默演講第一名。影片月中被放上影音分享網站Youtube後爆紅，點閱率兩周餘已破百萬。－蘋果日報 　　Diana is masterful with her words but when it comes to writing about

her passion, she is mesmerizing! Her expertise in her subject is unquestionable and is made all the more interesting by the humour that peppers her writing.-Deepak Menon, DTM 2018-2019 International President-Elect 作者序 　　“Always do what you are afraid to do.”— Ralph Waldo Emerson 　　Wintertime is

my favorite season in Taiwan... if I don’t think about all the mosquitoes, of course. From April until November, the non-stop scorching humid weather drains all of my energy and makes my air conditioner my best friend. But with the winter comes cool breezes, 5 p.m. sunsets, and the chance to wear so

mething other than tank tops and sandals. On this particular winter day, I had carefully chosen a nice blouse and comfortable pants, seeing as I was going to be nervous giving my first speech in a foreign language. 　　I was about to deliver a presentation in Mandarin at a Toastmasters club where all

of the members were Taiwanese locals. The more I thought about what I was doing, the more worried I got. “Girl, even though you hate it sometimes,” I reminded myself, “you are a challenge junkie!” Since I was a child, I’ve forced myself to do things that I was afraid to do because I wanted to be be

tter, stronger, different from others. 　　I kept scratching the sides of my legs even though they weren’t itching. My stomach felt like I had eaten french fries slathered in tons of grease. My heart was pounding so fast I thought I would have a heart attack. But before I had a chance to convince mys

elf that this all was a crazy idea and make a run for the exit, the last speaker finished. All eyes were now on me like searchlights in the dark. 　　I got out of my chair and peered at my audience before I went to the front of the room. I hadn’t been this nervous since I lost my virginity. My stomac

h rumbled like it was full of rocks while the Toastmaster (the master of ceremonies for the evening) introduced me. I was one of the first foreigners to join their club in over 15 years. Fifteen years? I realized at that moment that I was not a smart person. 　　I had spent the past two weeks practic

ing my short, four-minute speech with my Taiwanese roommate and my tutor. To be prepared, I thought it would be great if I wrote out my speech on four small pieces of poorly designed Snoopy paper. It was blue, adorned with graph lines that went all the way out to the edges of each sheet. 　　After I

wrote the speech in English, I wrote it out in pinyin (Mandarin written in the Roman alphabet). While I practiced giving the speech, I soon became aware that I couldn’t read pinyin that well. My sentences were simple, but my pronunciation and tones sounded like I was singing a horrible heavy metal s

ong rather than a flowing Chinese opera. For the past two weeks, I had done nothing but practice my speech. I had tried to get my voice to climb high like a soprano, to stay high and flat on that mountaintop, to charge down quickly into a deep pit, to roll up and down like a roller coaster... But st

ill, my erratic pauses caused me to stumble over phrases and skip parts of the speech. In short, even though I had practiced non-stop for two weeks, my delivery still sucked, and I knew it. Between the ridiculous papers I had clutched in my hands and my poor Mandarin reading skills, I felt certain t

hat my speech was doomed. 　　I looked around the room. It was small enough to make me visible to everyone, but large enough that only the people sitting in the first few rows would be able to see my hands shake and my lips quiver. I began speaking, my eyes focused on a black spot I saw on the ceilin

g towards the back of the room — probably a roach. I figured that if I centered on that roach, then I wouldn’t see the faces of my audience, and I wouldn’t lose my place on my graph-lined Snoopy paper and wind up suddenly stopping. Becoming a silent statue would be the worst-case scenario. Yes, look

ing at something that normally grosses me out was definitely a good idea, I decided. 　　At the end of my speech, I finally mustered the courage to look at my audience. I couldn’t believe it. All eyes were on me. Not a single person was looking at their watch or their cell phone. That was when I real

ized that Toastmasters clubs provide the perfect atmosphere for people to practice foreign language public speaking. Even if you deliver an almost incomprehensible speech, like I did, your listeners will be patient and attentive because none of them want to appear rude or, worse yet, miss out on som

ething. 　　Those were the longest four minutes of my life... And then the silent pause after my speech was deafening. I guess my audience needed time to process my speech just as much I needed time to process the fact that I had completed my first speech in Mandarin. I thought to myself, “Finally, D

iana, after two-and-a-half years of countless hours of study and practice, you can make a speech that locals can understand.” Then, to my surprise, everyone stood up and clapped. I wanted to cry. Perhaps I did cry. I can’t remember what I did exactly, but I do remember that I didn’t die from a heart

attack like I thought I would. Instead, I scanned the faces around the room and saw only smiles and applause. 　　That speech — my first one delivered in a language other than English — was over a decade ago. Ever since then, I’ve been digging my shovel into the earth of foreign language public spea

king. I’ve become a Speaking Seed.  

roll pronunciation進入發燒排行的影片

中文學習者在不同習得年齡對英文母音感知與發音之探討

為了解決roll pronunciation的問題，作者高子涵 這樣論述：

本研究採用語音學實證研究方式，探討中文學習者在不同習得年齡對英文母音之感知與發音表現，並分析中英兩個語言共同的母音、母音空間面積、區辨與發音能力間的關聯性等影響表現的可能因素。研究對象共分為四組，小學生依英文習得年齡分為早期學習組與晚期學習組，成人依其母語分為英文母語組及中文母語組，每組皆為15人。實驗方法為中英文區辨能力測驗及中英文發音能力測驗，早期及晚期學習組完整參與四個測驗，成人只參與其母語之區辨及發音能力測驗。研究發現，早期學習者在區辨英文母音的能力上優於晚期學習者，但兩個語言共同的母音並非影響或促進他們區辨能力的關鍵因素。早期與晚期學習者表現上的差異也呈現在英文母音的發音測驗中，晚

期學習者呈現與英文母人士不同的母音空間面積，且在發音上受到母語的影響。然而，縱然早期與晚期學習者擁有不同的英文母音表現，他們的區辨能力與發音能力間都存在正相關，換言之，發音能力皆奠基在辨識能力之上。綜合以上實驗結果，英文習得年齡是影響中文學習者英文習得能力及是否接近母語人士表現的重要因素。

Flow of Grace: Chanting the Hanuman Chalisa: Entering into the Presence of the Powerful, Compassionate Being Known as Hanuman

為了解決roll pronunciation的問題，作者Das, Krishna 這樣論述：

World-renowned recording artist Krishna Das gives readers a rare treat: commentary, instruction, and two audio CDs exploring the classic Hindu poem Hanuman Chalisa. Krishna Das is known for his ability to transport music lovers to other worlds with the eloquence of his deep hypnotic voice. This new

edition of Flow of Grace offers an updated book and CDs specially created to deepen our understanding of one of the most revered pieces of Hindu literature, the Hanuman Chalisa. Forty lyrical verses give praise to Hanuman, the monkey god known as the pinnacle of bhakti (devotion) and the remover of

fears and obstacles. It is said that just by reciting these powerful Sanskrit words, you will gain great strength and confidence and be filled with divine energy. In this book and CD set, Krishna Das explores: The correct pronunciation and translation of each of the forty transformative versesHow to

invoke Hanuman's grace and healingThe power of kirtan (sacred chant), chaupai (Hindi poetry), and moreFlow of Grace also includes two recorded CDs of Krishna Das chanting all forty verses of the Hanuman Chalisa so listeners can chant along and experience the healing powers of this great work. In

the winter of 1968, Krishna Das met spiritual seeker Ram Dass and was enthralled by the stories of his recent trip to India, where he met the legendary guru Neem Karoli Baba. Soon thereafter, Krishna Das left behind his dreams of being a rock ’n’ roll star and was on his way to India to spend three

years with Neem Karoli Baba. During this time, Krishna Das’s heart was drawn to the practice of Bhakti Yoga--the yoga of devotion--and especially to the practice of kirtan (chanting the Divine Names). Krishna Das returned to the United States and, as he continued chanting, developed his signature s

tyle, fusing traditional kirtan structure with Western harmonic and rhythmic sensibilities. He travels the world leading call-and-response kirtans and sharing this deep, experiential practice with thousands of people.

具有影片字彙標註機制之遊戲式華語學習系統促進華語聽力學習成效之影響研究

為了解決roll pronunciation的問題，作者余字涵 這樣論述：

　　因應當前國際情勢的發展，華語文已成為重要國際語言之一，華語學習者數量的持續增加，也促使華語文學習成為非常重要的教學與研究議題。但目前，以中文為外語或第二語言的電腦輔助語言學習研究仍然不多。因此， 本研究發展遊戲式華語學習系統(MLLG)，並加入影片字彙標註機制，建置「具影片字彙標註機制之遊戲式華語學習系統」，輔助華語為外語學習者透過遊戲式影片學習方式，輔以提供個別化學習與評量之影片字彙標註機制進行華語文聽力學習，希望激勵以華語為第二外語學習者的華語自主學習能力，進而提升其華語文聽力學習成效。同時，探究學習者使用有「影片字彙標註機制」之「遊戲式華語學習系統」，在「影片字彙標註機制」及「遊戲

式學習功能」上的學習行為與聽力學習成效的關聯性。本研究採用真實驗研究法，募集以母語為非華語文者之在台灣就讀大專院校外籍生，共 12 名研究對象，並隨機分派為使用「具影片字彙標註機制之遊戲式華語學習系統」的實驗組，以及使用「不具影片字彙標註機制之遊戲式華語系統」的控制組來進行為期兩週的實驗，其中兩組學習者所使用的影片教材與學習時間皆相同，以比較兩組學習者在華語文聽力學習成效、華語文聽力自我效能、科技接受度，以及學習行為上的差異，並根據訪談資料提出相關教學實施與系統改善建議、未來研究方向以供參考。結果發現，採用「具影片字彙標註機制之遊戲式華語學習系統」較能有效提升學習者的華語文聽力字彙與聽力理解學

習成效，且使以華語為第二外語的學習者在系統的輔助下，更有效地持續進行學習。另外，採用「具影片字彙標註機制之遊戲式華語學習系統」輔以華語學習的第二外語學習者，使用影片字彙標註次數為影響學習成就的關鍵因素之一，證明 「影片字彙標註機制」具有強化字彙與聽力理解學習成效的功能。亦得出「影片字彙標註機制」是促使華語為第二外語學習者更加願意善用「遊戲式華語學習系統」各項遊戲功能，進行中文字彙及聽力理解成效提升的主要驅動力之結論。