set up陷害的問題,透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列各種有用的問答集和懶人包

set up陷害的問題,我們搜遍了碩博士論文和台灣出版的書籍,推薦Margaret Atwood寫的 Hag-Seed: The Tempest Retold 和金利 主編的 看美劇,No字幕︰美語學習筆記‧搞笑篇(附贈光盤)都 可以從中找到所需的評價。

另外網站吳進木被陷害「填表格」入籍尼加拉瓜! 吳釗燮還原set up內幕也說明:吳釗燮強調,「所以以他個人來講,這個也是被set up(被設計),就是被陷害這樣子的情形」,但是無論如何,一個退休的大使拿到對方的國籍,尤其是在 ...

這兩本書分別來自 和科學所出版 。

國立政治大學 東亞研究所 楊昊所指導 黑快明的 中美印太權力競逐與澳洲的回應: 戰略三角的分析(2013-2019) (2019),提出set up陷害關鍵因素是什麼,來自於銳實力、印太戰略、中國、澳洲。

而第二篇論文輔仁大學 中文系 曾永義所指導 李孟君的 楊家將戲曲之研究 (2005),提出因為有 宋代、楊家將、戲曲、雜劇、傳奇的重點而找出了 set up陷害的解答。

最後網站陷害- 兩岸萌典則補充:英to entrap, to set up, to frame (up)​, to make false charges against. 法accuser faussement. 德jemanden eine Falle stellen (S)​.

接下來讓我們看這些論文和書籍都說些什麼吧:

除了set up陷害,大家也想知道這些:

Hag-Seed: The Tempest Retold

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為了解決set up陷害的問題,作者Margaret Atwood 這樣論述:

  「我使盡渾身解數來挑戰這個故事,太過癮了!」─瑪格麗特.愛特伍   全球讀者齊聲尖叫的小說計畫   「挑戰莎士比亞」系列最新作品,讓經典從此零距離!   文學女王瑪格麗特.愛特伍直闖《暴風雨》   驚心動魄的復仇大戲 X舞台魔法,在書頁掀起滔天巨浪!   「親愛的觀眾,請以你的魔法為這齣戲寫下結局吧!   唯有如此,我禁錮的靈魂才能自由。」   痛失愛女的導演費利斯,將全副心力投注於一場空前絕後的莎劇《暴風雨》,想藉由女主角的演出讓女兒在舞台上重生。不料人生的劇本出了岔,他在表演前夕遭人陷害,流亡十年後改名換姓,進入監獄參與犯人矯治計畫,在悔罪之地教起莎士比亞。   費利斯的世紀

仇家早已攀上權謀高位,而他以跌破眼鏡的手法指導犯人演出莎劇,同時設下復仇的天羅地網。眼看計畫一步步成真,他耳畔卻傳來愛女神祕的呼喚……她究竟在提醒著什麼?而他還能不能重施舞台魔法,上演一場翻天覆地、腥風血雨的好戲?   加拿大國寶級作家瑪格麗特.愛特伍傾盡畢生功力,讓《暴風雨》中鑽研魔法的公爵化身現代藝術總監,以平易近人的方式教獄友學莎劇。這場戲中戲不僅是精采絕倫的生猛復仇劇,也是最幽默生動的文學教室。暫時拋開莎翁原著,來上一堂勁爆導演的戲劇課吧!   (中文簡介來自寂寞出版《挑戰莎士比亞2:血巫孽種》書介)   William Shakespeare's The Tempest ret

old as Hag-Seed     Felix is at the top of his game as Artistic Director of the Makeshiweg Theatre Festival. His productions have amazed and confounded. Now he's staging a Tempest like no other: not only will it boost his reputation, it will heal emotional wounds.     Or that was the plan. Instead,

after an act of unforeseen treachery, Felix is living in exile in a backwoods hovel, haunted by memories of his beloved lost daughter, Miranda. And also brewing revenge.     After twelve years, revenge finally arrives in the shape of a theatre course at a nearby prison. Here, Felix and his inmate ac

tors will put on his Tempest and snare the traitors who destroyed him. It's magic! But will it remake Felix as his enemies fall?     Margaret Atwood’s novel take on Shakespeare’s play of enchantment, retribution, and second chances leads us on an interactive, illusion-ridden journey filled with new

surprises and wonders of its own. Review   "A marvel of gorgeous yet economical prose, in the service of a story that's utterly heartbreaking yet pierced by humor, with a plot that retains considerable subtlety even as the original's back story falls neatly into place."—New York Times Book Review

  “What makes the book thrilling, and hugely pleasurable, is how closely Atwood hews to Shakespeare even as she casts her own potent charms, rap-composition included… Part Shakespeare, part Atwood, “Hag-Seed” is a most delicate monster — and that’s “delicate” in the 17th-century sense. It’s delight

ful.”—The Boston Globe   “Atwood has designed an ingenious doubling of the plot of “The Tempest”: Felix, the usurped director, finds himself cast by circumstances as a real-life version of Prospero, the usurped Duke. If you know the play well, these echoes grow stronger when Felix decides to exact

his revenge by conjuring up a new version of “The Tempest” designed to overwhelm his enemies.”—The Washington Post     “A funny and heartwarming tale of revenge and redemption, this latest release in the Hogarth Shakespeare project, whose aim it is to retell Shakespeare's most beloved works through

the works of bestselling authors like Anne Tyler and Gillian Flynn, Hag-Seed is a remarkable contribution to the canon.”—Bustle   “Atwood’s canny remix offers multiple pleasures…[marvel] at the ways she changes, updates, and parallels the play’s magic, grief, vengeance, and showmanship.” –Publisher

s Weekly, starred review     “…Inventive, heartfelt, and swiftly rendered.” –Library Journal, starred review   "Atwood brilliantly pulls off the caper in a short novel that should be assigned to high school students as a hilarious riff on one of Shakespeare's more mystifying plays. It's much more t

han a retelling; it's an ingenious analysis and critique rolled into one."—St. Louis Post-Dispatch   "Margaret Atwood's modern retelling is an entertaining romp of revenge, redemption."—Minneapolis Star-Tribune   "A triumph [...] The book illuminates the breadth and depth of the whole play. The tr

oupe's workshops on it fizz with perception as Atwood transmits the pleasurable buzz of exploring a literary masterpiece. There won't be a more glowing tribute to Shakespeare in his 400th anniversary year."–Peter Kemp, Sunday Times   "The novel shines a thrilling new light on The Tempest's themes o

f revenge and forgiveness [...] as well as making a strong case for art's ability to "set you free" by helping you understand yourself."–Helen Brown, Sunday Telegraph   "Surpassingly brilliant [...] without question the cleverest "neo-Shakespearean novel" I have ever read [...] the learning and the

critical analysis are worn exceptionally lightly, always subordinated to wit, invention, characterisation and slick twists of plot [...] wonderfully ingenious."–Jonathan Bate, The Times   “…you don't need to be a Shakespeare geek like me to enjoy Hag-Seed; it's a good story, and will introduce you

to the play gently, with Felix himself as your guide.”–NPR Books   “Hag-Seed is a treat. It’s a beautifully constructed adaptation, one that stands on its own but is even richer when read against its source — and can, in turn, enrich its source material. It’s playful and thoughtful, and it singleh

andedly makes a good argument for the value of adapting Shakespeare.”–Vox   “Atwood has tremendous fun with Hag-Seed. Those who know the play will especially enjoy her artful treatment of its more poignant storylines. But even someone unfamiliar with Shakespeare will be entertained by this compelli

ng tale of enchantment and second chances, and the rough magic it so delightfully embodies.”-Bookpage   “Readers looking for Atwood’s wit and mastery of language will find it at work here… Atwood more than does justice to the Bard.”-Chicago Review of Books   “One needn’t be a Shakespeare fan in or

der to love this retelling of The Tempest…This book is funny and wonderful. Highly recommended for Shakespeare lovers and those seeking revenge.”-Seattle Book Review About the Author   MARGARET ATWOOD, whose work has been published in thirty-five countries, is the author of more than forty books

of fiction, poetry, and critical essays. In addition to The Handmaid's Tale, her novels include Cat's Eye, short-listed for the 1989 Booker Prize; Alias Grace, which won the Giller Prize in Canada and the Premio Mondello in Italy; The Blind Assassin, winner of the 2000 Booker Prize; Oryx and Crake,

short-listed for the 2003 Man Booker Prize; The Year of the Flood; and her most recent, MaddAddam.She is the recipient of the Los Angeles Times Innovator's Award, and lives in Toronto with the writer Graeme Gibson.

中美印太權力競逐與澳洲的回應: 戰略三角的分析(2013-2019)

為了解決set up陷害的問題,作者黑快明 這樣論述:

澳洲於第二次世界大戰結束後,由當時的外交部長Herbert V. Evatt在美國舊金山舉行的聯合國制憲會議(The San Francisco Conference)上,首次提出了「中型強權外交」(middle power diplomacy)概念;Kevin Rudd擔任總理時,主張澳洲在國際事務上應採取「中型強權外交」,除了追求澳洲的經濟和安全利益、在國際事務上發揮積極作用之外,在面對強權崛起時也要能夠堅持自己的立場。澳洲身為亞太地區重要的中型強權,自二次世界大戰以來即與美國保持緊密的盟友關係,亦在所處的南太平洋地區扮演領導地位,協助美國維持亞太地區的區域安全以及美國的主導優勢。然而,

近年來美中兩國在亞太區域日益激烈的權力競逐,以及川普政府外交政策的不確定性,引發了澳洲的不安全感;另一方面,中國的銳實力對澳洲在內政與外交上的滲透也為澳中關係帶來諸多的不確定性。本文主要研究兩個個案,分別是澳中與澳美關係。研究時間分為兩個時段:第一時段,是2013年習近平擔任中國國家主席至2017年川普就任美國總統之前;第二時段,是2017年川普就任美國總統迄今。並以Lowell Dittmer的「戰略三角」作為本文的分析架構,研究澳洲與中國、澳洲與美國兩個個案的三角關係。第一個時段,2013年至2017年澳洲與中國、澳洲與美國的三角關係為「羅曼蒂克型」:澳洲為樞紐、中美兩國均為側翼。澳洲在「

安全靠美國、經濟靠中國」的原則指導下,採取「避險」策略,同時與中國及美國保持友好關係,均為正利得,而中美兩國處於「權力移轉」狀態下,中國極可能挑戰美國的霸權領導地位假設下,兩國處於既競爭又合作的競合關係。第二個時段,2017年迄今的澳洲與中國、澳洲與美國的三角關係,由於中國同時與美國發生貿易戰、南海自由航行權、美軍派遣軍機及軍艦穿越台灣海峽等爭端,以及澳洲在前總理Malcolm Turnbull任內通過「反外國干預法」、情報組織指出,中國疑似涉嫌以駭客攻擊澳洲政府、各政黨及大學與研究單位網路系統等,使得澳中兩國關係摩擦不斷,形成「結婚型」的美中澳戰略三角關係:亦即,三方之中有兩方(美、澳)維持

雙邊友好關係,同時與第三方(中)交惡。本文提出6個M型化指標分析中國銳實力對澳洲的滲透,隨著中國綜合國力的持續增長,中國政府可以運用的工具也越趨多元化,其策略並非一成不變,可以通過對當時形勢的判斷,提出適當的戰略和策略,保持高度的靈活性,以完成目標。

看美劇,No字幕︰美語學習筆記‧搞笑篇(附贈光盤)

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為了解決set up陷害的問題,作者金利 主編 這樣論述:

涵蓋《老友記》、《生活大爆炸》、《老爸老媽的浪漫史》、《美女上錯身》、《好漢兩個半》5部時下流行搞笑美劇+ 94個精彩對白,讓你過足視听癮! 北京世紀友好教育投資有限公司成立于2002年7月,是一家致力于開發英語類書籍、軟件等產品的專業性公司。公司精心打造的品牌圖書“英語詞匯類叢書”、“國內外考試類叢書”、“英語休閑讀物類叢書”和“實用英語類叢書”等多個產品在各類英語圖書排行榜中均名列前茅。 前言 2 目錄 4 Chapter 1 Big Bang Theory 《生活大爆炸》 01 Are you kidding? 你在開玩笑嗎? 02 I’m suc

h a mess.我這麼亂七八糟的。 03 Get lost.滾蛋! 04 Been there.我可是過來人。 05 Fair enough.很公平,有道理。 06 Damn it.夠了! 07 I’ll give you a hint.我給你點暗示。 08 You are on fire! 你真行。 09 Get off my case.別再嘮叨了。 10 What’s the occasion? 今天是什麼大日子麼? 11 Here’s the deal.事情是這樣的。 12 You can count on us.我們會不負所托的。 13 F

ire away.開始發問吧。 14 What’s going on with you? 你到底怎麼了? 15 Do you have a second? 你有空嗎? 16 There,there.好啦,好啦。 17 Help me out here.幫我說句話啊。 18 Are you insane?你瘋了吧? 19 Here’s the thing.事情是這樣的。 20 I owe you an apology.我得向你道歉。 21 For God’s sake 看在上帝的份上 22 with all due respect… 恕我直言…… 23 I

don’t want to screw it up.我不想搞砸了。 24 I cannot catch a break.我真是倒霉。 Chapter 2 How I Met Your Mother 《老爸老媽的浪漫史》 01 This is crazy!這簡直就是瘋了! 02 What’s taking so long?怎麼那麼慢啊? 03 You blew it.你搞糟了。 04 This is an outrage!這實在是太過分了! 05 You don’t say.不說也知道。 06 Take it easy.放輕松。 07 I don’t get i

t.我搞不懂。 08 That was beyond my wildest dreams.我做夢都沒有想到。 09 It’s really not such a big deal.這真沒什麼大不了的。 10 You are so dead.你死定了。 Chapter 3 Drop Dead Diva 《美女上錯身》 01 Look on the bright side.往好的方面想吧。 02 between you and me… 跟你說個秘密…… 03 I’m on your side.我站在你這邊。 04 Are you whining? 你在抱怨嗎? 0

5 Let me get this straight.讓我弄清楚。 06 Are you stalking me now? 你在跟蹤我嗎? 07 You set me up.你陷害我。 08 We are going to kick their ass! 我們要給他們點顏色看看! Chapter 4 Two and A Half Men 《好漢兩個半》 01 Geez.天哪。 02 You stay out of this.你別管這件事。 03 I mean it.我是認真的。 04 Maybe some other time.改天吧。 05 What are

you talking about? 你胡說什麼呢? 06 Give me a break! 饒了我吧! 07 I can’t do this anymore.我受夠了。 08 Grow up.成熟點吧。 09 I think that is really nice of you.你真是太好了。 10 I have a confession.我必須向你坦白。 11 Don’t take it personally.別放在心上。 12 Oh crap.糟糕。 13 I’m on it.我馬上去辦。 14 It’s driving you crazy.這快要把你

逼瘋了。 15 What night is good for you? 你們哪天有時間? 16 You’ll get over him.你會忘了他的。 17 What’s up?怎麼了? 18 Not really a big fan.我並不那麼喜歡她/他。 19 That sounds swell.太棒了。 20 I thought you two hit it off.我還以為你們兩個很合得來呢。 21 You with me? 你懂嗎? 22 None of your business.不關你的事。 23 That’s not the point.這不

是重點。 24 You are really starting to piss me off.你現在開始讓我反感了。 25 Forget it.別管它了。 26 There is no light at the end of the tunnel.人生真是無望啊。 Chapter 5 Friends 《老友記》 01 Big time!絕對地! 02 Give her a break.饒了她吧。 03 This is so unfair!這不公平! 04 I have had it.我受夠了。 05 She’s out of my league.我追不上她。

06 What’s the matter?出什麼事兒了? 07 This is so typical.事情總是這樣的。 08 Nice going.干得好。 09 for your information...需要提醒你的是…… 10 I see where this is going.我知道這是怎麼回事兒了。 11 It’s textbook.這很典型。 12 That that’s ridiculous!這簡直太荒謬了。 13 We had a deal!我們說好了的。 14 You take your time.你慢慢來。 15 I have no

idea.我不知道。 16 Ross is so crazy about you.羅斯瘋狂地喜歡你。 17 I couldn’t have been worse.簡直糟透了。 18 I quit.我放棄了 19 Don’t toy with me.你別想糊弄我。 20 Easy for you to say.你說得倒輕巧。 21 Shut up.別說了。 22 Would you let it go?能別提這個了嗎? 23 Not that I know of.據我所知並非如此。 24 I hated your guts.我很恨你。 25 What’s

the matter with you?你這是怎麼了? 26 Let me just get this straight.讓我把事情弄清楚。

楊家將戲曲之研究

為了解決set up陷害的問題,作者李孟君 這樣論述:

摘要楊家將故事自北宋以來流傳久遠,老幼婦孺皆耳熟能詳。凡我中華民族之人皆感其悃款為國,一門忠烈之偉績。統治者利用它來歌功頌德、施行忠君愛國的教化;劇作家用它來寄託主觀情思、寓風化於娛樂及表現審美意趣;觀眾則涕零於楊家將崇高悲美的人格情操,藉此砥礪志節、獲得歷史的經驗教訓。此故事起源甚早,發展則頗為遲緩,歷時約七百餘年,始盛於世。約當宋仁宗之世,即楊業、楊延昭父子身後不久,就有村氓野老的傳說,宋室南渡之後,始有文字記載,如今僅存元《燼餘錄》一書,然上距故事初起之時約二百餘年。現存元明有關楊家將之戲曲有五種:《昊天塔孟良盜骨》、《謝金吾詐拆清風府》、《八大王開詔救孤忠》、《焦光贊活拏蕭天佑》、《

楊六郎調兵破天陣》等五本雜劇,楊家將故事之流傳,入清始盛,最初由地方戲劇之傳播,繼之以嘉慶時昇平署所編之《昭代簫韶》,此故事之流傳始漸廣,之後花部亂彈興盛後,各劇種都有楊家將戲曲,不下百餘種,尤以秦腔、京劇、豫劇等為多。楊家將戲曲是在史傳、民間傳說、說唱、小說的基礎下慢慢成型的,它忠勇愛國的思想內容及悲美崇高的人格情操深深撼動國人,迄今電視劇仍持續地改編演出,但有關它的主題思想、人物形象、情節演變、文學與藝術等全面性研究的專著卻闕然,此乃筆者研究楊家將戲曲之動機。論文寫作時採「全方位美學觀點」,包括表演、導演及其他相關劇場元素、劇本/編劇技法,並借助主題研究法。探討雜劇、傳奇、地方戲曲的劇目源

起、劇情演變、主題思想、人物形象、文學與藝術等等。楊家將戲曲情節有歷史的根據,但絕大部分受民間傳說、說唱文學及小說的影響,尤以源自小說為大宗,因為小說與戲劇都是在「勾欄瓦舍」發育成長的民間文學,兩者都以故事情節為其主要組成部分,都要表現一個以時間或事件為序的過程,在表現手法有相似之處。《楊家將演義》、《北宋志傳》與楊家將戲曲雖然體裁不同,但彼此間互相融會、吸收、借鑑、參照,所以它們的關係是雙向性的,亦即戲曲舞台上楊家將故事的繁盛,促使作家將它改編成一部首尾完整的小說,而小說的情節更反轉來為戲曲舞台提供了素材。隨著京劇及各地方戲曲之發展,楊家將戲曲有新情節的產生,如諷刺羸弱無能的政府、用女性意識

改造歷史傳說題材及提出新觀點的翻案文章,不管是改編或翻案之作,都應注意不僅只是舊瓶裝新酒而已,在表演程式、唱腔、科白等都要更精緻化、更有創意,才能經得起時間考驗,成為傳世之作。一齣戲的主題思想與時代背景、民俗文化、劇作家的主觀情思是息息相關的。元朝和清朝同樣都是異族統治漢人的朝代,但元雜劇反映民族的對立與衝突,清《昭代簫韶》則調和民族的對立與衝突,甚至美化宋君、蕭后、瓊娥、青蓮公主、四郎等人,製造大團圓、君恩隆盛的歡樂氣氛。明雜劇傳奇宣揚忠孝節義」的思想非常露骨,雖然地方戲曲中仍承襲「忠孝節義」的思想傳統,但諸如豫劇《寇準背靴》、評劇《楊八姐游春》、京劇《太君辭朝》、潮劇《楊令婆辯本》等批判邦

國君無道,反映「邦無道則隱」的作品則明顯增多。「忠奸對立」是楊家將戲曲的一個重要主題,不因時代環境、體製劇種而改變,因為這是所有戲劇的共同題材,也是人類私慾的呈現。早在金院本<打王樞密爨>就演譯此主題,此類作品因為有史實的根據,加上說書人、民間故事、小說等渲染,成為楊家將戲曲最可歌可泣的內容。此外,「宗教迷信」也是楊家將戲曲中常出現的思想內容,戲曲有酬神、娛樂的特色,所以楊家將戲曲充斥著鬼魂托夢、人神鬥法、傳授神通、陰陽數術、交感巫術、符籙咒語等神秘色彩,雖然這些光怪陸離、荒誕不經的情節備受批評,但站在民俗文化、戲曲的娛樂功能立場,鬼神戲可達到褒善懲惡、寓教於樂的目的,所以不可全面否定其價值。

人物是戲曲之鑰,因為每個人都是獨一無二的,所以才有這麼多可喜可悲的故事,這麼多美麗旑妮的風光,這麼多攸關教化的情節,讓人們去淺斟低唱、說古道今。楊家將戲曲中即使是較類似的人物如奸臣潘美與王欽,女豪傑穆桂英與楊八姐,男將焦贊與孟良,彼此之間仍有些不同,這就是所謂的「各肖其聲口」、「說一人、肖一人,勿使雷同,弗使浮泛」。舉例來說,穆桂英山大王的粗獷豪爽,與楊八姐闖幽州的英勇機智是有區別的;孟良和焦贊性格雖然同樣魯莽性急,但孟良比焦贊細心有智慧;潘仁美個性直來直往且位高權重,所以與楊家採正面衝突較多,相對地,王欽城府極深,常常借刀殺人,有計畫地實現其陷害楊家之陰謀。楊家將戲曲人物如匯聚河流的大海,汪

洋浩大、品類繁多,仔細品嘗觀看,善人有其美妙之處,而惡人也有我們引以為鑑之處,這就是戲曲陶冶性情的功能。元明雜劇一本四折全由一種腳色獨唱,由正末獨唱的叫「末本」,正旦獨唱的叫「旦本」,其例外之作甚少,《謝金吾詐拆清風府》雜劇由正旦獨唱,三易人物為佘太君、柴夫人、國姑;《昊天塔孟良盜骨》雜劇由正末演唱,三易人物為楊令公、孟良、五郎。但《楊六郎調兵破天門》則由正末楊景一人獨唱。元明雜劇曲牌聯套第一折照例為【仙呂點絳唇】,第四折為【雙調新水令】。唱詞的押韻,按《中原音韻》之韻部,分為十九部,其中《昊天塔孟良盜骨》雜劇第三折齊微、魚模混韻,其餘各折一韻到底,不用重韻。元雜劇每折戲的唱詞,大都一韻到底,

而《昊》劇在中間換韻,算是特殊情況。《謝金吾詐拆清風府》雜劇重韻的情形較多,如第一折押皆來韻,其中【油葫蘆】、【天下樂】兩押「來」字,且「來」字重複出現在【仙呂點絳唇】套中,第三折押齊微韻,其中【聖藥王】兩押「你」字,「你」字重複出現在【越調鬥鵪鶉】的後半部。明代楊家將三齣內府雜劇曲韻之聲情與詞情吻合,押蕭豪韻者有三折,齊微、魚模、江陽、皆來、庚青韻各押兩次,可見明雜劇在用韻部方面顯然重複性高。其恪守元曲用韻嚴謹,沒有混韻,但有重韻,如《楊六郎調兵破天陣》第二折押魚模韻【中呂粉蝶兒】兩用「卒」字,第四折押皆來韻:【小梁州】兩用「來」字,《焦光贊活挐蕭天佑》第二折押蕭天豪韻:【滾繡球】兩用「高」

字。元雜劇修辭上有一個最大的成就,就是在「寫景擬聲」的技巧上,有 一番新創,如大量採用「鑲疊詞」,或使用「兩字至四字的擬聲詞」。除了本色語頗有特色外,並常引用諺語、外來語、佛典等,及善用修辭技巧如排比句加明喩、疊字等,讓曲文賓白更俚俗、生動。明內府雜劇雖也有富含民間俗趣之曲文賓白,但不若元雜劇的蒜酪味、本色語,由於賓白為伶人自為之,故多鄙俚蹈襲之語,而且有些粗鄙的罵人語,實在無法與元雜劇相提並論。明雜劇的穿關雖然種類不多,但其服飾也往往帶有象徵意涵,如潘仁美、楊令公戴奓簷帽,表示其為重要之武人,賀懷簡戴皮奓簷帽,表示其性格多滑稽險詐。凡穿戴鐵幞頭者如楊七郎、呼延贊、黨彥進,多為性格剛烈暴躁之人

。《脈望館鈔校內府本雜劇》、《孤本元明雜劇》這批「穿關」,是迄今發現最早較有規模的戲曲服飾史料,對於研究戲曲舞台美術之歷史演變有重要價值,亦為明前期宮廷雜劇無名藝人特殊貢獻。「昭代簫韶」之本意為彰顯聖明朝代的歌舞樂演出,所以內容主要有兩點:一、歌舞太平,讚頌聖明的國君。二、借由楊門之事蹟,感發忠孝,維持風化。《昭》劇與《昇平寶筏》(唐僧取經故事)、《鼎峙春秋》(三國故事)、《忠義璇圖》(水滸故事)具為清宮承應大戲,大戲多為十本,每本二十四齣,分十天連續演出,其內容一為神怪戲,一為歷史故事戲。清代文字獄興盛,御用文人編戲時,盡量譜演神怪故事以逃避現實,又可取悅最高統治者,而歷史故事則顯然寓有借鑑

史事以「資治」的政治企圖。由於《昭代簫韶》是宮廷大戲,所以不惜一切物力、財力在舞台、穿關砌末下功夫,此外,曲牌聯套與排場也都遵循規律,值得肯定;但在關目結構、曲文賓白則受限於思想內容、曲牌格律,比較不理想。京劇中有關楊家將之戲曲至少有四十幾種,本論文從主題思想、情節演變、表演藝術、舞台佈景、劇種聲腔、曲文賓白等分析崑劇《擋馬》、京劇《雁門關》、《三岔口》,新編京劇《穆桂英掛帥》、《楊門女將》、《北國情》,京劇小劇場《穆桂英》。地方戲曲以豫劇、上黨梆子為最多,本節分析豫劇《穆桂英掛帥》、上檔梆子《三關排宴》、揚劇《百歲掛帥》、評劇《楊八姐游春》、《魂斷天波府》、楚劇《穆桂英休夫》等較具特色的地方

戲曲劇目。《四郎探母》是楊家將戲曲演出頻率最高的劇目,許多老戲迷對於他們所熟悉的,甚至能倒背如流的傳統劇目百看不厭,但對於新編戲反倒不會那樣趣味盎然,因為他們著意於戲曲程式、唱腔之美。對於年輕一輩而言,新奇、創意、酷炫才是吸引他們的主流,戲曲的虛擬程式、唱腔之美,對他們而言,實在陌生又單調,如果不讓他們有機會認識戲曲的綜合美藝術,不改變戲曲的表演方式,它將逐漸凋零。當代戲曲比較突出的是女性議題,強調婚戀自主、歌詠女英雄之作、反映封建婚姻的戕害、爲蕭太后翻案之作等。其中《穆桂英休夫》與《魂斷天波府》可謂楊家將當代地方戲之南北雙璧,不但主題創新、無所依傍,兼以唱詞通俗優美、善於以景寫情,又有幫腔製

造氣氛、互為呼應,不論服裝造型、舞台藝術皆很有特色,值得玩味再三、仔細沉吟。而京劇小劇場《穆桂英》更加大膽地提出情慾主題,也展現傳統與未來的對話,有形的空間與無形的光影的對話。楊家將戲曲隨著時代演變,主題思想、表演藝術屢有開創拓展,而宗教迷信、教忠教孝等劇目的演出頻率則逐年減少,意味戲劇不能一直重複自己,劇作家宜獨運匠心、鍛鍊剪裁,加入一些新元素,如人性美的謳歌、揭示一種歷史經驗和哲理、反映現實生活的風貌,並削除枝蔓、妥善安排人物及情節,如此才能補充更多汩汩活水,聚江河為大海,吸引更多人欣賞楊家將戲曲之美,讓它永續傳承下去。