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設計靈巧且具有選擇性的雙金屬氧化物修飾電極用於感測抗精神病藥物

為了解決SENS FDA的問題，作者樊卡察 這樣論述：

摘要.............................................................................................................................................iABSTRACT..............................................................................................................................ivAcknowledgements...

...............................................................................................................viiTable of Contents........................................................................................................................xList of Tables..................................

..........................................................................................xvList of Figures..........................................................................................................................xviChapter 1 Introduction and Literature review........................

...............................................1 1.1 Antipsychotic drugs..................................................................................................1 1.2 Traditional methods in the measurement of antipsychotics.......................................2 1.3 Electrochemical sens

ors............................................................................................3 1.4 Development of nanomaterials.................................................................................5 1.5 Earth-abundant transition metals and metal oxides (EATM&MOs)......................

...6 1.6 Rare-earth metals and metal oxides (REM&MOs)....................................................8 1.7 Binary metal oxides (BMOs)..................................................................................10 1.8 Synthesis of chemical co-precipitation method..........................

.............................11 1.9 Literature review of BMOs.....................................................................................12 1.10 Aim and scope of this work...................................................................................22Chapter 2 Experimental and Charac

terization methods.....................................................24 2.1 Experimental...........................................................................................................24 2.2 Characterization methods......................................................................

.................27 2.2.1 Structural analysis....................................................................................28 2.2.1.1 X-ray diffraction (XRD)...........................................................28 2.2.1.2 Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.......

..............29 2.2.1.3 Raman spectroscopy.................................................................29 2.2.1.4 Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy...............................30 2.2.1.5 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)..................................31 2.2

.1.6 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)...............................................31 2.2.2 Morphological analysis............................................................................32 2.2.2.1 Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)...........32 2.2.2.2 Transmission ele

ctron microscopy (TEM)................................33 2.2.3 Electrochemical analysis..........................................................................34 2.2.4 Electrode fabrication................................................................................35 2.2.5 Real sample

s analysis...............................................................................36Chapter 3 Facile one-step synthesis of NiO/CeO2 nanoparticles towards high performance voltammetric sensing of antipsychotic drug trifluoperazine................................................................

........................................................37Graphical abstract.....................................................................................................................37Highlights...............................................................................................

..................................37 3.1 Introduction............................................................................................................38 3.2 Synthesis of NiO/CeO2...........................................................................................40 3.3 Results an

d discussion............................................................................................41 3.3.1 Structural analysis of NiO/CeO2 nanoparticles........................................41 3.3.2 Electrochemical characteristics of NCO-500/SPCE................................52 3.

3.3 Electrochemical response of TFP at the NCO-500/SPCE........................54 3.3.4 Effect of pH on TFP.................................................................................57 3.3.5 Effect of concentration for TFP................................................................57

3.3.6 Effect of scan rate towards TFP................................................................58 3.3.7 DPV technique detection of TFP on NCO-500/SPCE..............................60 3.3.8 Selectivity of the TFP sensor..................................................................

..62 3.3.9 Stability, reproducibility, and repeatability towards TFP detection.........64 3.3.10 Determination of TFP in biological samples..........................................66 3.4 Conclusion...............................................................................................

...............68Chapter 4 A facile development of Nd2NiO4 nanoparticles for sensitive electrochemical determination of antipsychotic drug prochlorperazine.......................................................69Graphical abstract......................................................................

...............................................69Highlights.................................................................................................................................69 4.1 Introduction............................................................................................

................70 4.2 Synthesis of Nd2NiO4..............................................................................................73 4.3 Results and discussion............................................................................................74 4.3.1 Texture properties of Nd2NiO

4.................................................................74 4.3.2 Electrochemical enhancement of the NNO-500/SPCE............................86 4.3.3 Electrochemical oxidation of PCP...........................................................89 4.3.4 Influence of pH on PCP..........

..................................................................91 4.3.5 Influence of concentration towards PCP..................................................92 4.3.6 Influence of scan rate for PCP..................................................................93 4.3.7 DPV method det

ermination of PCP using NNO-500/SPCE.....................96 4.3.8 Selectivity of PCP sensor.........................................................................99 4.3.9 Stability, reproducibility, and repeatability measurements....................101 4.3.10 Real samples detection of PCP

.............................................................102 4.4 Conclusion............................................................................................................104Chapter 5 Highly selective voltammetric detection of antipsychotic drug thioridazine hydrochloride based on N

iO/Gd2O3 modified screen printed carbon electrode..............105Graphical abstract...................................................................................................................105Highlights........................................................................................

.......................................105 5.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................106 5.2 Synthesis of NiO/Gd2O3........................................................................................108 5.3 Result

s and discussion..........................................................................................109 5.3.1 Structural and morphological analysis of NiO/Gd2O3............................109 5.3.2 Electrochemical behavior of NGO modified electrodes.........................116 5.3.3 E

lectro-oxidation of TRH......................................................................119 5.3.4 Effect of pH on TRH..............................................................................121 5.3.5 Effect of concentration for TRH.....................................................

........122 5.3.6 Effect of scan rate towards TRH.............................................................123 5.3.7 DPV sensing of TRH on NGO-500/SPCE.............................................124 5.3.8 Effect of interferences...........................................................

.................127 5.3.9 Stability, reproducibility, and repeatability analysis..............................128 5.3.10 Detection of TRH in human samples....................................................130 5.4 Conclusion....................................................................

........................................132Chapter 6 Rare earth DyNiO3 nanospheres: A new electrochemical sensing platform for antipsychotic drug perphenazine detection........................................................................133Graphical abstract.......................................

............................................................................133Highlights...............................................................................................................................133 6.1 Introduction...............................................................

...........................................134 6.2 Synthesis of DyNiO3.............................................................................................136 6.3 Results and discussion..........................................................................................137 6.3.1 Ch

aracterization of DyNiO3 nanospheres..............................................137 6.3.2 Electroanalytical performances of different modified electrodes...........145 6.3.3 Electrochemical oxidation of PPZ..........................................................146 6.3.4 Effect of conce

ntration of PPZ...............................................................149 6.3.5 Effect of scan rate of PPZ.......................................................................149 6.3.6 Effect of pH of PPZ................................................................................

151 6.3.7 Electrochemical determination of PPZ by DPV method........................151 6.3.8 Selectivity of the electrocatalyst.............................................................154 6.3.9 Cyclic and storage stability, reproducibility, and repeatability studies...155 6.3.10 Rea

l sample analysis of PPZ................................................................157 6.4 Conclusion............................................................................................................159Chapter 7 Conclusions.............................................................

.............................................160References..............................................................................................................................163Scientific Contributions.........................................................................................

.................191

使用表面修飾石墨烯電極於缺氧環境之溶氧感測及其在3D生物反應器運用

為了解決SENS FDA的問題，作者王竣生 這樣論述：

近年來，生物反應器被研究並使用於藥物篩檢領域，傳統的二維(2D)細胞培養，因具有細胞單層的特性，缺乏許多體內存在的環境特徵，然而在實際的癌症腫瘤環境中，存在不均勻性且不受控制的氧氣微環境，對於現有的細胞培養領域是一個重要的問題，因此需要開發三維(3D)細胞培養技術以達成其產業需求，且應用於癌細胞培養領域亦需要能監測低溶氧區間之感測系統。本研究開發一應用於低溶氧之微流體環境的可撓式溶氧感測器，以克拉克式三電極為基礎建立，使用聚對二甲苯(Parylene)作為底材，以氧氣電漿製程進行石墨烯材料之表面處理製作具官能基團石墨烯混合液，將一部分混合液添加奈米銀粒子(AgNPs)，並以抽氣真空過濾法分別

製成三電極後，轉印至基材上，再對含有AgNPs之電極進行電解以建立AgCl參考電極，完成官能化石墨烯/官能化石墨烯/氯化銀之三電極後，以Nafion塗覆於最上層做為固態電解層與選擇性薄膜。使用生物相容性之聚對二甲苯作為基底材與封裝材，可避免於生物應用中的細胞排斥現象，且此電極具可撓性，可完整貼附於微流體環境中，利於監測癌細胞培養環境的氧濃度。首先，實驗驗證使用之石墨烯材料與其官能化的特性，進行材料化學態分析並探討與相對濃度之Nafion電解質的修飾特性，並於易控制的簡易生物反應器環境中進行電極的設計與感測器性能比較，最終利用電化學檢測在自製的PDMS微流道環境中驗證石墨烯電極溶氧量測，以得到生

理缺氧區間(