Mini R56的問題，透過圖書和論文來找解法和答案更準確安心。 我們找到下列各種有用的問答集和懶人包

在稻熱病菌基因體演化過程中，染色體的變化、基因的得失與效應因子的週轉

為了解決Mini R56的問題，作者古麥斯 這樣論述：

Pyricularia is a fungal genus comprising several pathogenic species causing the blast disease in monocots. P. oryzae, the best known species, infects rice, wheat, finger millet and other crops. As past comparative and population genomics studies mainly focused on isolates of P. oryzae, the genomes

of the other Pyricularia species have not been well explored. In this study, I obtained a chromosomal-level genome assembly of the finger millet isolate P. oryzae MZ5-1-6 and also highly contiguous genome assemblies of Pyricularia sp. LS, P. grisea, and P. pennisetigena. Differences in the genomic c

ontent of repetitive DNA sequences could largely explain the variation in genome size among these new genomes. Moreover, I found extensive gene gains and losses and structural changes among Pyricularia genomes, including a large interchromosomal translocation. Homology search of known blast effector

s across fungal taxa showed that most avirulence effectors are specific to Pyricularia, while many other effectors share homologs with distant fungal taxa. In particular, I discovered a novel effector family with metalloprotease activity, distinct from the well-known AVR-Pita family. I predicted 751

gene families containing putative effectors in 7 Pyricularia genomes and found that 60 of them showed differential expression in the P. oryzae MZ5-1-6 transcriptomes obtained under experimental conditions mimicking the pathogen infection process. In summary, this study increases our understanding o

f the structural, functional and evolutionary genomics of the blast pathogen and identified new potential effector genes. These data would be useful for identifying new resistant proteins by genetics analysis, and eventually could help on developing crops with durable resistance.