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探討運動結合益生菌補充策略對巴金森氏症運動功能障礙的改善效果與可能機轉

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中文摘要 I英文摘要 II目錄 III表目錄 VII圖目錄 VIII第一章 緒論 1第一節 研究動機 1第二節 研究目的 2第二章 文獻回顧 4第一節 巴金森氏症（Parkinson’s disease） 41.1巴金森氏症的盛行率 41.2巴金森氏症的臨床症狀與病因 51.2.1臨床症狀 51.2.2病因 61.3巴金森氏症之臨床治療 101.4巴金森氏症與腸道菌叢失調 11第二節 運動與疾病 142.1運動的定義與分類 142.2運動與行動能力 152.2.1運動與大腦神經系統 152.2.2運動與肌肉神經傳導 162.2.3運動與平衡 162

.3運動與抗氧化 18第三節 運動與巴金森氏症 19第四節 乳酸菌、神經保護作用與腸道菌叢生態 21第五節 6-OHDA誘導仿巴金森氏症大鼠 24第三章 實驗設計與方法 25第一節 實驗設計 25第二節 不同運動種類及強度模式 28第三節 益生菌製備 30第四節 巴金森氏症動物模式 31第五節 體重、飲食、飲水及組織重量 32第六節 運動功能障礙評估 336.1 Rotarod協調性、平衡感與耐力測試 336.2 Catwalk Gait步態分析系統 336.3 Beam walking test 獨木橋行走測試 346.4 Grip strength握力測試 3

4第七節 腦組織取樣 34第八節 腦與肌肉之粒線體活性分析 35第九節 腦部病理切片 36第十節 血清中抗氧化酵素分析 37第十一節 血液生化分析 37第十二節 即時定量聚合酶鏈鎖反應（Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, qPCR）檢測 38第十三節 腸道菌群分析 （Gut microbiota analysis） 39第十四節 統計分析 39第四章 結果 40第一節 實驗一結果 401.1基本生化數值 401.2模型建立 421.3抗氧化酵素 431.4運動功能評估 44第二節 實驗二結果 472.

1仿巴金森氏症大鼠模型確立 472.2基本生化數值 482.3運動功能評估 502.4抗氧化酵素分析 552.5神經保護效果 572.6腸道菌叢組成 66第五章 討論 69第一節 最適合巴金森氏症改善運動障礙的運動模式 69第二節 運動及益生菌補充延緩巴金森氏症疾病進程與其可能作用機制 72第六章 結論 78參考文獻 79表目錄表一、The comparison of body weight, food intake and water intake in different type exercise 6-OHDA-induced PD rats groups afte

r 6 weeks intervention. 40表二、The body weight, food intake and water intake of different groups at different time period in 6-OHDA induced PD rats. 48表三、The serum biochemical profiles of different groups after 4 weeks intervention in 6-OHDA induced PD rats. 49表四、實驗一結果整理 69表五、實驗二結果整理 72圖目錄圖一、巴金森氏

症的主要特徵。 7圖二、粒腺體功能障礙與多巴胺神經元死亡。 8圖三、發炎是巴金森氏症中的惡性循環。 10圖四、巴金森氏症的發炎包括中樞和周邊發炎。 13圖五、益生菌在排除病原菌中扮演的角色。 22圖六、實驗一之實驗流程 26圖七、實驗二之實驗流程 28圖八、The effect of the ratio of left hindlimb soleus muscle weight to whole body weight with different type exercise 6 weeks intervention 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. 41圖九、T

he result of apomorphine test after 3 weeks or 9 weeks 6-OHDA induced surgery. 42圖十、The effect of 6 weeks different types of exercise on the catalase activity in 6-OHDA-induced PD. 43圖十一、The effect of motor function evaluation in different types of exercise 6-OHDA-induced PD rats groups with rotar

od test. 44圖十二、The effect of motor function evaluation in different types of exercise 6-OHDA-induced PD rats groups with catwalk analysis. 45圖十三、The Apomorphine test in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats after 6-OHDA surgery. 47圖十四、The effect of grip strength with different groups after 4 weeks intervention

in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. 50圖十五、The effect of rotarod test with different groups after 4 weeks intervention in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. 51圖十六、The effect of beam walking test with different groups after 4 weeks intervention in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. 52圖十七、The effect of catwalk gait analysis with

different groups after 4 weeks intervention in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats.. 54圖十八、The effect of antioxidative enzyme with different groups after 4 weeks intervention in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. 55圖十九、The effect of dopaminergic neurons with different groups after 4 weeks intervention in 6-OHDA-induced P

D rats. 57圖二十、The effect of mitochondria related gene expression between 4 weeks of different intervention groups in brain tissue. 58圖二十一、The effect of antioxidative enzyme related gene expression between 4 weeks of different intervention groups in brain tissue. 60圖二十二、The effect of neurotrophic

factor related gene expression between 4 weeks of different intervention groups in brain tissue. 61圖二十三、The effect of mitochondria related gene expression between 4 weeks of different intervention groups in muscle tissue. 62圖二十四、The effect of antioxidative enzyme related gene expression between 4

weeks of different intervention groups in muscle tissue. 64圖二十五、The effect of neurotrophic factor related gene expression between 4 weeks of different intervention groups in muscle tissue. 65圖二十六、Comparison of alpha-diversity in the gut microbiota composition between 4 weeks different intervention

groups. 66圖二十七、Comparison of beta-diversity in the gut microbiota composition between 4 weeks different intervention groups based on Jensen-Shannon divergence visualized in a PCoA plot. 67圖二十八、Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) showed different taxonomies in gut microbiota compositi

on with NC and PD groups. 68